Orotic acid is an organic compound once mistakenly classified as vitamin B13. Subsequent extensive scientific research has confirmed that it does not belong to the vitamin family. However, due to its unique biological activity, orotic acid continues to hold irreplaceable value in the fields of medicine, health, and the chemical industry. Orotic acid-based products are widely recognized and studied by research institutions, the medical community, and the chemical industry for their core advantages: high efficacy, low side effects, minimal kidney irritation, and low residual accumulation in the body. Synthesis From a synthetic pathway perspective, the industrial production of orotic acid primarily employs chemical synthesis methods. The core steps, validated by scientific research, demonstrate stability and reproducibility. Starting with diethyl oxalate, it undergoes a condensation reaction with acetic acid, followed by a cyclization reaction with urea to form 5-ethoxycarbonylmethylene hydantoin. The molecular structure is then optimized via a ring-expansion reaction, and finally, high-purity orotic acid is obtained through acid precipitation and purification processes. Alternatively, orotic acid can be extracted from whey, a by-product of the cheese industry. Whey contains 50% of the nutritional components of the original milk. Through separation and purification processes, natural orotic acid can be obtained. Both synthetic…